Papacy of Pope John XXI Begins 1276
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On the 13th of September 1276, following the death of Pope Adrian V, João Pedro Julião was elected Pope John XXI.
João Pedro Julião was born in Lisbon between 1210 and 1220, he trained as a physician and taught medicine at the university of Sienna and Lisbon, later he became the physician of Pope Gregory X.
Though made Archbishop of Braga he never took up the post, as he was instead made Cardinal bishop of Frascati by Gregory X.
For a long time it has been thought that Julião was the author of Summule logicales which became the standard text book on Logic for some 300 years. However, recent research suggests that the author "Peter of Spain" as a member of the Dominican Order.1
Julião is the only person born in Portugal and only physician to have been elected pope.
