Saint James the Greater - Bourges Cathedral, Choir Clerestory

1210 to 1215
View on Flickr

James the Greater stands frontal beneath a trefoil arch, his figure contained within a patterned border of red-and-blue interlace. He is identifiable by the pilgrim sword he carries across his body, an unusual but documented attribute in early Gothic cycles before the scallop-shell became universal. His long green mantle and red tunic mark him out as one of the senior apostles. The inscription IACOBVS appears in the base panel.

Iconography
This portrayal corresponds to the early thirteenth-century French convention in which apostolic identity is confirmed primarily by name-scroll and costume rather than by fully standardised attributes. The sword, rather than pilgrim’s staff or book, suggests the older tradition that associated James with militant spiritual authority and the defence of the faith.

Stylistic Notes
The head is characteristic of the Bourges atelier: strongly modelled facial planes, heavy brows, and copper-brown beard work. The drapery is typical of c.1210–15 glass painters, broad bands of green with delicate yellow-silver stain, and dense black linework emphasising folds.

Comparanda
The figure resonates closely with the apostles in the adjacent clerestory (w.208 and w.212), which share the same palette, border design, and facial type. The combination of name-panel and limited attribute set is standard for the Bourges apostolic cycle.