Proclamation of the dogma of the Immaculate Conception - Saint-Godard, Rouen

This 19th-century stained glass window in the Church of Saint-Godard (Église Saint-Godard), Rouen, Normandy, France, commemorates Pope Pius IX's solemn declaration of the dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary on December 8, 1854, in the papal bull Ineffabilis Deus. This event, defining Mary's preservation from original sin at her conception as revealed doctrine, was a pivotal moment in 19th-century Catholic Mariology, celebrated amid the Gothic Revival and Ultramontane movements emphasizing papal authority. The window, likely installed in the 1860s as part of the post-Revolutionary restorations, reflects Rouen's rich stained glass tradition and the city's role as a center for Marian devotion during the period.