On 29 September 1399, Richard II of England ⓘ formally tendered his resignation to Parliament, bringing his reign as king of England to an end.

The following day, Henry Bolingbroke, son of John of Gaunt, was proclaimed king as Henry IV.

Richard’s abdication took place in the Tower of London, where, in the presence of Henry Bolingbroke, he signed the instrument of abdication, transferring royal authority and enabling the Lancastrian accession to the throne.

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